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Participatory business model are experimental approaches to value-creation, value-capturing, and value-delivery that include a broad spectrum of stakeholders. They reflect the process that make businesses, organisations, and institutions’ operations desirable, feasible, and financially viable by leveraging their networks. Through engaged contribution, participatory business models devise sustainable solutions and organisations involved gain resilience. By applying participatory approaches to business model-making and development, PBMs present three main characteristics: (i) Co-innovate to remain relevant and unique; (ii) Develop solutions with various degrees of co-ownership; (iii) Make innovations emerge from inclusive needs-based cooperation. By EUR